اقتصاد و الگو سازی

اقتصاد و الگو سازی

تأثیر مؤلفه‌های دانش بر اقتصاد سایه در کشورهای منتخب در حال توسعه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 گروه علوم اقتصادی، واحد میانه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میانه، ایران
2 استاد گروه اقتصاد دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و اقتصادی دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران
3 استادیار گروه علوم اقتصادی، واحد میانه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، میانه، ایران
چکیده
هدف اصلی مطالعه حاضر بررسی تأثیر مؤلفه‌های دانش بر اقتصاد سایه در کشورهای منتخب درحال‌توسعه با استفاده از رگرسیون آستانه‌ای ملائم در فضای داده‌های تابلویی طی دوره زمانی 2023-2008 است. بر اساس نتایج تأثیر مؤلفه‌های دانش بر اقتصاد سایه درکشورهای منتخب درحال‌توسعه، غیرخطی و نامتقارن است. همچنین بر اساس نتایج تخمین، تنها در رژیم حدی بالا و پایین، بین مشوق‌های اقتصادی و رژیم نهادی رابطه منفی و معناداری وجود دارد. تأثیر سایر مولفه‌های دانش بر اقتصاد سایه در کشورهای منتخب درحال‌توسعه در هر دو رژیم حدی متفاوت است، به گونه‌ای که بین سیستم ابداعات و نوآوری با اقتصاد سایه در رژیم حدی پایین رابطه غیرمعنادار، ولی در رژیم حدی بالا رابطه منفی و معناداری وجود دارد. تأثیر آموزش و توسعه منابع انسانی بر اقتصاد سایه در رژیم حدی پایین منفی، ولی در رژیم حدی بالا مثبت است. همچنین تأثیر زیرساخت‌های فن‌آوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات بر اقتصاد سایه در رژیم حدی پایین منفی و معنادار، ولی در رژیم حدی بالا غیرمعنادار است. رشد اقتصادی و رانت منابع طبیعی در رژیم حدی پایین تأثیر مثبت و معنادار، ولی در رژیم حدی بالا تأثیر غیرمعنادار دارد. نرخ بیکاری نیز بر اقتصاد سایه در رژیم حدی پایین؛ تأثیر مثبت و معنادار ولی در رژیم حدی بالا غیرمعنادار دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

The Impact of Knowledge Components on the Shadow Economy in Selected Developing Countries

نویسندگان English

Hossein Sghatforoosh 1
Abolfazl Shahabadi 2
Sima Eskandari Sabzi 3
1 Department of Economic Sciences, Mi.C., Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, Iran
2 Professor of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences and Economics, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Economics, Department of Economic Sciences, Mi.C., Islamic Azad University, Miyaneh, Iran
چکیده English

The main objective of the present study is to examine the impact of knowledge components on the shadow economy in selected developing countries using the Panel Smooth Transition Regression model over the period 2008–2023. The results indicate that the effect of knowledge components on the shadow economy in these countries is asymmetric and nonlinear. Furthermore, according to the results, only in the upper and lower extreme regimes is there a significant and negative relationship between economic incentives and the institutional regime. The impact of other knowledge components on the shadow economy differs between the two extreme regimes. Specifically, the relationship between the innovation system and the shadow economy in these countries is insignificant in the lower extreme regime, but negative and significant in the upper extreme regime. The effect of education and human resource development on the shadow economy in the selected developing countries is negative and significant in the lower extreme regime, but positive and significant in the upper extreme regime. The influence of information and communication technology infrastructure on the shadow economy is negative and significant in the lower extreme regime, but insignificant in the upper extreme regime. Economic growth and natural resource rents have a positive and significant effect on the shadow economy in the lower extreme regime, but an insignificant effect in the upper extreme regime. In the lower extreme regime, the unemployment rate has a positive and significant impact on the shadow economy, whereas in the upper extreme regime, its effect on the shadow economy is insignificant.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Economic Incentives
Shadow Economy
Human Capital
Information and Communication Technology
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