اثر تمرکز صنعتی بر کارایی انرژی در بخش صنعت ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری اقتصاد دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و تربیتی دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران

2 دکتری اقتصاد دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اجتماعی دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

چکیده

یکی از مسائل اصلی توسعه بخش صنعت، افزایش کارایی انرژی برای بهبود کیفیت محیط زیست است. در این راستا، مطالعه حاضر با استفاده از شواهد آماری بخش صنعت براساس کدهای آیسیک دو رقمی برای دوره زمانی 1386 تا 1394 به برآورد کارایی انرژی در زیر بخش‌های صنعت و اثر تمرکز صنعتی بر آن می‌پردازد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که کارایی انرژی در گروه بازیافت در کمترین مقدار برابر با 01/0 و در گروه تولید سایر محصولات کانی غیر فلزی در بیشترین مقدار برابر با 78/0 است. همچنین گروه‌های محصولات فلزی فابریکی (کد 28)، کانی غیر فلزی (کد 26) و غذایی و آشامیدنی (کد 15) دارای کمترین تمرکز صنعتی برابر با 031/0 است و گروه ساخت ماشین آلات دفتری، حسابداری و محاسباتی (کد 30) دارای بیشترین تمرکز، برابر با 394/0 است.  نتایج برآورد الگو توبیت نشان می‌دهد که تمرکز صنعتی، اثر منفی و معناداری بر کارایی انرژی دارد، و مخارج تحقیق و توسعه، قیمت انرژی و سرمایه انسانی اثر مثبت و معناداری بر کارایی انرژی دارد. تخصیص مخارج تحقیق و توسعه در جهت شناخت فرآیندهای نوین تولیدی، بهبود کیفیت سرمایه انسانی و توزیع فعالیت‌های صنعتی در استان‌ها براساس مزیت نسبی از جمله سیاست‌های موثر برای افزایش کارایی انرژی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Industrial Concentration on Energy Efficiency in Iranian Industrial Sector

نویسندگان [English]

  • Younes Goli 1
  • Leila Argha 2
  • Yousef Mehnatfar 3
1 Ph.D in Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
2 Ph.D in Economics, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
3 Associate Professor of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the key issues in the development of the industrial sector is to increase energy efficiency to improve the quality of the environment. On this issue, the study uses industrial sector data of two-digit ISIC codes for the period of 2007-2015 to estimate energy efficiency of sub-sectors of industry and evaluates the effect of industrial concentration on it. The results show that recycling has lowest energy efficiency equals to 0.01 and Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products has highest energy efficiency which is equal to 0.78. Also, the Manufacture of fabricated metal products, Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products and Manufacture of food products and beverages have lowest spatial concentration index equal to 0.031 and Manufacture of office, accounting and computing machinery in highest level is 0.394. The results of the Tobit estimation show that industrial concentration has negative effect on energy efficiency, and R&D expenditure, energy prices and human capital have a positive and effect on energy efficiency. The allocations of R&D expenditures to identify novel production processes, improve the quality of human capital and distributing industrial activities in provinces basic on relative advantages are effective policies to increase energy efficiency.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Energy Efficiency
  • Tobit
  • Industrial Concentration

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