بررسی رابطه بین اندازه دولت و نابرابری توزیع درآمد در ایران: رهیافت الگوی خودرگرسیونی برداری مارکوف سوئیچینگ

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار پژوهشکده اقتصاد و مدیریت پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه اقتصاد دانشکده علوم انسانی دانشگاه آیت‌اللّه بروجردی، بروجرد، ایران

چکیده

رابطه بین اندازه دولت و نابرابری توزیع درآمد یکی از موضوعات مناقشه‌انگیز در حوزه اقتصاد بخش عمومی است. بر این اساس و با توجه به اهمیت اثربخشی سیاست‌های توزیعی دولت در مبارزه با پدیده فقر و تعدیل فاصله طبقاتی، مطالعه حاضر با استفاده از رهیافت الگوی خودرگرسیونی برداری مارکوف سوئیچینگ و داده‌های دوره زمانی 1396- 1348 به بررسی رابطه بین اندازه دولت و نابرابری توزیع درآمد در اقتصاد ایران پرداخته است. یافته‌های این مطالعه ضمن تأیید دیدگاه همیلتون نشان می‌دهد که رابطه بین اندازه دولت و نابرابری توزیع درآمد در اقتصاد ایران یک رابطه خطی نبوده و اساساً تحت تأثیر مقتضیات زمانی قرار داشته است. همچنین، یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهند که تنها در رژیم صفر (دوره زمانی 1362-1348) یک رابطه علّی یک‌طرفه مثبت از نابرابری توزیع درآمد به سمت اندازه دولت وجود داشته، در حالی‌که در رژیم یک (دوره زمانی 1396- 1363) هیچ نوع رابطه علّی بین دو متغیر تحت مطالعه مشاهده نشده است. به عبارت دیگر، می‌توان از تلاش در جهت بهبود وضعیت توزیع درآمد - در کنار وفور درآمدهای ارزی نفتی – به عنوان یکی از عوامل اندازه بزرگ دولت در دوره زمانی 1362- 1348 نام برد. همچنین، نکته حائز اهمیت دیگر این است که در هیچ یک از دو رژیم تحت بررسی، هیچ‌گاه اندازه بزرگتر دولت منجر به توزیع برابرتر درآمد در اقتصاد ایران نشده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Relationship between Government Size and Income Inequality in Iran: The MS-VAR Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Jalal Montazeri Shoorekchali 1
  • Mehdi Zahed Gharavi 2
1 Assistant Professor of Economics, Department of Economics and Management, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor of Economics, Faculty of Humanities Sciences, Ayatollah Boroujerdi University, Boroujerd, Iran
چکیده [English]

The relationship between government size and income inequality is a challenging issue in the public sector economics. Accordingly, this study investigates the relationship between government size and income distribution inequality using the Markov Switching Vector Auto-regression (MS-VAR) Model in the Iranian economy for 1969-2017 period. The findings confirm the view of Hamilton (1998) and show that the relationship between government size and income inequality is not a linear relationship in the Iranian economy, and time requirements have influenced it. In addition, the findings show that there was a positive unidirectional causal relationship from income inequality to government size in zero regime (during 1969-1983), while no causal relationship was observed between these two variables in regime one (during 1984-2017). In other words, the effort to improve the income distribution situation - along with the abundance of oil revenues - can be considered one of the factors of large government size in 1969-1983. Also, neither of the two regimes under study, the larger size of government has not led to an equal distribution of income in the Iranian economy.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Government Size
  • Income Inequality
  • Markov-Switching Vector Auto Regression (MS-VAR)
  • Iran

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