بررسی اثر متقابل سرمایه انسانی و انباشت سرمایه در کشورهای منتخب منطقه منا: رویکرد سیستم معادلات همزمان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه اقتصاد دانشکده اقتصاد و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 کارشناس‌ارشد اقتصاد دانشکده اقتصاد و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

رشد و توسعه اقتصادی پایدار در کشورها نتیجه تعامل و استفاده بهینه از عوامل اثرگذار اقتصادی، اجتماعی و سیاسی با توجه به واقعیت آن کشورها است. در این بین سرمایه انسانی به عنوان مهم‌ترین عامل رشد و توسعه اقتصادی کشورها علاوه بر اثر مستقیم بر تولید، بر سایر عوامل تولید نیز اثرگذار بوده و از آن‌ها نیز تأثیر می‌پذیرد. از این رو، پژوهش حاضر به دنبال بررسی اثر متقابل بین سرمایه انسانی و انباشت سرمایه در کشورهای منتخب حوزه منا که مهمترین ویژگی آن‌ها وجود درآمدهای حاصل از منابع طبیعی است و همچنین در این پژوهش از رویکرد سیستم معادلات همزمان برای دوره زمانی 2019-1996 استفاده شده است. نتایج پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که سرمایه انسانی و انباشت سرمایه در کشورهای مورد مطالعه اثر مثبت و متقابل بر یکدیگر دارند و افزایش تورم به عنوان یکی از مهمترین متغیرهای کلان اقتصادی از طریق گسترش فضای نا اطمینانی اقتصادی، سبب کاهش انباشت سرمایه می‌شود. همچنین درآمدهای ناشی از فروش منابع طبیعی که یکی از ویژگی‌های بارز در کشورهای مورد مطالعه است، اثر منفی بر انباشت سرمایه و سرمایه انسانی دارد. و در نهایت، تولید ناخالص سرانه بدون نفت، تأثیر مثبت بر سرمایه انسانی در کشورهای مورد مطالعه داشته است

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Interaction of Human Capital and Capital Accumulation in Selected Countries of MENA Region: A Simultaneous Equation System Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zarir Negintaji 1
  • Hassan Mahmodvand 2
  • Saeed Beyg Mohammadi‌ 2
1 Assistant Professor of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Political Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 MA in Economic, Faculty of Economics and Political Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran,
چکیده [English]

Sustainable economic growth and development in countries is the result of interaction and optimal use of influential economic, social, and political factors according to the reality of those countries. Meanwhile, human capital as the most important factor of economic growth and development of countries, not only has a direct effect on production, but also affects other factors of production and it is also affected by them. Therefore, the present study tries to investigate the interaction effects between human capital and capital accumulation in selected countries of the MENA region where the revenue from natural resources is the most important feature of these countries. For this goal, the study uses the system of simultaneous equations approach for the period 1996-2019. The results show that human capital and capital accumulation in the studied countries have a positive and reciprocal effect on each other and increasing inflation as one of the most important macroeconomic variables through the expansion of economic uncertainty reduces capital accumulation. Also, revenues from the sale of natural resources, which is one of the prominent features in the studied countries, have a negative effect on the accumulation of capital and human capital. Finally, non-oil GDP per capita has a positive effect on human capital in the studied countries.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Human Capital
  • Physical Capital
  • Simultaneous Equations System

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