تأثیر فقدان دولت قوی اردولیبرالی در ظهور و پویایی پدیده نفرین منابع: کشورهای منتخب منطقه منا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه اقتصاد دانشکده ادیبات و علوم انسانی دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد پولی بخش اقتصاد دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

چکیده

نفرین منابع از جمله موضوعات چالش‌برانگیز اقتصادی است که پژوهش‎های گوناگونی در باب آن صورت گرفته است. با این حال ادبیات تحقیق در این حوزه از سه خلأ رنج می‌برد: نخست این‌که معیار متقن اجماع‌آور برای نفرین منابع وجود ندارد، به‌گونه‌ای که ادبیات تحقیق مملو از شاخص‌های گوناگون جهت سنجش نفرین منابع است. دوم این‌که نتایج پژوهش‌ها بعضاً متناقض‌ است. بدین شکل که در شرایط یکسان، برخی پژوهش‌ها وجود نفرین منابع و برخی دیگر عدم وجود آن را گزارش داده‌اند. در نهایت این‌که نتایج برآوردهای کمّی در این حوزه غالباً بدون ارجاع به یک پشتوانه نظری مرتبط با اقتصاد سیاسی تحلیل می‌شوند. پژوهش حاضر تلاش کرده است با استفاده از ایده دولت قوی (صورت‌بندی‌شده توسط اردولیبرال‌های آلمانی) خلأ سوم، و با تکیه بر روش تحلیل مرزی تصادفی خلأ اول، و الگوی کوانتایل خلأ دوم را برطرف سازد. نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که درآمدهای منابع طبیعی باعث تغییر در دو کارکرد اساسی دولت قوی یعنی «کارآمدی» و «تنظیم‌گری» می‌شود: این درآمدها کارآمدی دولت را کاهش و کیفیت تنظیم‌گری دولت‌ها را تضعیف می‌کند. در نتیجه «اهرم رانتی» مانع از تحقق دولت قوی و شکل‌گیری و تداوم نوعی دولت ضعیف در کشورهای با درآمدهای منابع طبیعی شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of the Lack of an Ordoliberal Strong State on the Emergence and Dynamics of the Resource Curse Phenomenon: Selected Countries of the MENA Region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Aqil Hoseiny 1
  • Alireza Raanaei 2
1 Assistant Professor of Economics, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
2 PhD Candidate in Economics, Faculty of Economics, Management and Social Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Resource Curse is one of the challenging economic issues that have been studied in many researches. However, the researches conducted in this field suffer from three shortcomings: First, they do not provide a specific and well accepted criterion to measure resource curse. Second, there is not any consensus on what is the effect of natural resource revenues. Finally, the third is that the theoretical foundations of the political economy that can support the results of quantitative estimates in this field have not been used. The current research has tried to solve these shortcomings by using the idea of a strong state by German ordoliberalism as well as two methods of stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) and the quantile model. By using the method of stochastic frontier analysis, the existence of resource curse, and the quantile method, its dynamics can be shown. The results show that natural resource revenues cause changes in the two basic functions of a strong state, namely "effectiveness" and "regulation": these revenues reduce the effectiveness of the government and weaken the quality of government regulation. As a result, the "Rent leverage" has prevented the realization of the strong state and helps the formation and continuation of a weak government in countries with natural resource revenues.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Strong State
  • Ordoliberalism
  • Resource Curse
  • State Effectiveness
  • Regulation

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