ارزیابی زیان‌های تولیدی ناشی از بحران‌های پولی و نقش دخالت بانک مرکزی در اقتصادهای نوظهور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و سیاسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

بحران‌های پولی پیامدهای زیادی، از جمله زیان‌های تولیدی را برای یک کشور به همراه دارد. بر این اساس شناسایی عواملی که موجب کاهش زیان‌های تولیدی می‌گردند، از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار است. در این مقاله به ارزیابی تعیین کننده‌های زیان‌های تولیدی، و به طور ویژه به نقش بانک مرکزی در هنگام وقوع بحران‌های پولی، پرداخته می‌شود. علاوه ‌بر این نقش شرایط اقتصاد کلان کشورها در زیان‌های تولیدی مورد ارزیابی قرار می‌گیرد. برای این منظور از یک الگوی اقتصادسنجی در فضای داده‌های ترکیبی نامتوازن متشکل از کشورهای نوظهور طی دوره 2014-1980 استفاده شده است. نتایج الگو نشان دهنده اثر مثبت و معنادار دخالت موفق بانک مرکزی بر کاهش زیان‌‌های تولیدی است، در حالی که دخالت ناموفق و یا عدم دخالت بانک مرکزی می‌تواند زیان‌های تولیدی ناشی از بحران را افزایش دهد. همچنین بر اساس یافته ها، شرایط متغیرها و سیاست‌های اقتصاد کلان بر زیان‌های تولیدی مؤثر است، به گونه‌ای است که میزان ذخایر ارزی اثر معنادار و منفی بر زیان‌های تولیدی داشته و ثبات سیاست‌های پولی و ارزی نیز از عوامل تعیین کننده بشمار می‌آید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the Output Losses from Currency Crises and the Role of Central Bank in Emerging Economies

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Yazdani
  • Hassan Dargahi
  • Mohammad Nikzad
Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Political Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University
چکیده [English]

Generally, currency crises have many consequences and costs for the countries, while an important issue is the output losses of this phenomenon. Hence, determining the factors that lead to reduce the output losses, is very important. In this study, determinants of output losses and in particular, the role of the central bank will be evaluated during currency crises. Moreover, the roles of macroeconomic variables and situation of the countries and also adopted monetary, fiscal and exchange rate polices during currency crises on output losses have been evaluated. In this regard, an econometric model with unbalanced panel data has been used for emerging market countries during 1980-2014. The results show the negative and significant effect of successful defense and positive and significant effect of unsuccessful defense of central bank. On the other hand, the positive and significant effect of non-interference and immediate depreciation on the output losses have been confirmed. However, the role of macroeconomic situation is important where total foreign reserves have negative and significant effect on output losses. Finally, the output losses can be controlled by an active monetary and exchange rate policies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Currency Crises
  • Output Losses
  • Monetary Authority
  • Successful and Unsuccessful Defense
  • Non-interference
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