ارزیابی تجارت محصولات صنعتی ایران با کشورهای مختلف از دیدگاه آب مجازی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

2 کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد، دانشکده اقتصاد و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

امروزه کشورهای کم آب در تعیین راهبردهای بلندمدت تولیدی خود به رویکرد تجارت آب مجازی توجه ویژه‌ای دارند. از این‌رو، هدف مطالعه حاضر تحلیل وضعیت آب مجازی در تجارت محصولات صنعتی با شرکای مختلف تجاری ایران است که از روش شاخص‌های فنی- پایه و داده‌های طرح آمارگیری از کارگاه‌های صنعتی ده نفر کارکن و بیشتر مرکز آمار ایران برای دوره زمانی 93-1390 استفاده شده است. در این راستا، با توجه به تعداد زیاد کشورهای شریک تجاری، 20 کشور با سهم بالای 95 درصدی در تجارت، انتخاب گردید و روند صادرات و واردات آب مجازی در مورد آن‌ها بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد که روند خالص صادرات آب مجازی وضعیت مطلوبی را نشان نمی‌دهد. چنان‌که خالص صادرات آب مجازی از 112- میلیون مترمکعب در سال 1390 به 115 میلیون مترمکعب در سال 1393 رسیده است. به بیان دیگر، بخش صنعت از واردکننده خالص آب مجازی به صادرکننده خالص آب تبدیل شده است. همچنین بیشترین صادرات و واردات آب مجازی به ترتیب با حجم 119 و 99 میلیون مترمکعب مربوط به کشور امارات متحده عربی و چین بوده است. اطلاعات حاصل شده براساس یافته‌های تحقیق می‌تواند برای اصلاح روابط و ترکیب تجاری محصولات صنعتی در راستای حفظ منابع آبی استفاده گردد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Assessment of Iran’s Industrial Products Trade with Other Countries from the Perspective of Virtual Water

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Tahami Pour Zarandi 1
  • Sahar Dashtban Faroji 2
  • Samaneh Javaherdehi 2
1 Department of Economics,Faculty of Economics and Political Science, Shahid Beheshti University
2 MA student in Economics, Faculty of Economics and Political Science, Shahid Beheshti University
چکیده [English]

Todays, the low water countries have specific attention to the virtual water trade for determination of their long-run strategies. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the situation of the virtual water in Iranian industrial products trade with its partners using method of basic-technical indicators. The data have been collected from statistical center of Iran for firms with 10 or more employees during 2011-2014. In this regard, due to the large number of trade partners, 20 countries with more than 95% proportion in trade have been selected and the process of export and import of the virtual water was studied for them. The results show that the net virtual water export trend has had undesirable situation, where the net export of virtual water from -112 million m3 at 2011 have raised to 115 million m3 at 2014. In other words, the industrial sector has turned up to a net exporter of the virtual water. Also, the most import and export of the virtual water has allocated to United Arab Emirates and China with volume of 119 and 99 million m3, respectively. Hence, as policy implication, considering the water resources in industrial products trade is necessary.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • virtual water
  • Industrial Products
  • Iran

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