ویژگی‌های محیطی و دوره حیات بنگاه‌های صنایع تولیدی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه اقتصاد دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و حسابداری دانشگاه یزد

2 کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و حسابداری دانشگاه یزد

چکیده

اگرچه مطالعات اندکی دوره حیات بنگاه‌های جدیدالورود را در برخی از صنایع تولیدی ایران موردبررسی قرار داده‌اند اما در هیچ‌کدام از مطالعات این حوزه عوامل محیطی مؤثر بر دوره حیات بنگاه‌ها مورد کنکاش قرار نگرفته است. بر این اساس، این مطالعه با هدف معرفی و شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر دوره حیات بنگاه‌های جدیدالورود صنایع تولیدی ایران با تأکید بر ویژگی‌های محیطی (که در این مطالعه با تمایزات استانی مشخص شده) طراحی‌شده است. درمجموع از 20 متغیر در گروه‌های پنج‌گانه ویژگی‌های بنگاه، صنعت، مخارج، نیروی انسانی و محیطی، 9 متغیر به عوامل محیطی تأثیرگذار بر دوره حیات بنگاه‌ها در مناطق منظور و برای تبیین تأثیرات احتمالی این متغیرها بر دوره حیات از الگوی مخاطره نسبی کاکس استفاده ‌شده است. داده های مورد نیاز در این پژوهش نیز از نتایج سرشماری از کارگاه های صنعتی ده نفر کارکن و بیشتر مرکز آمار ایران و بر حسب بنگاه استخراج گردیده است. همسو با اکثر مطالعات این حوزه، نتایج این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که متغیرهای محیطی نرخ بیکاری و تغییرات آن، رشد متوسط درآمد خانوار، رشد تولید ناخالص داخلی سرانه مناطق، تراکم و رشد جمعیت، نرخ باسوادی مناطق، رشد تسهیلات اعطایی بانک‌ها و امنیت دوره حیات بنگاه‌ها را به‌صورت معناداری تحت تأثیر قرار داده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Environmental Characteristics and Life Duration of Manufacturing Firms in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Ali Fiezpour 1
  • hossein hajikhodazadeh 2
1 Assistant Professor of Economics, Faculty of Economics, Management and Accounting, University of Yazd
2 MA in Economics, Faculty of Economics, Management and Accounting, University of Yazd
چکیده [English]

Although a few studies have been done on the life duration of new firms entrant in Iranian manufacturing industries, but none of them studied the influence of environmental factors on firm's life duration. Accordingly, this study aims to introduce and identify those factors affecting life duration of Iranian manufacturing industries, by the emphasis on environmental characteristics (between provinces). Among 20 variablesin in five groups, namely firm as well as industry, expenditures, human and environment characteristics, 9 variables have categorized as environmental group. Using Cox proportional hazard model and SCI data at firm level, the findings of this paper show that the environmental variables such as unemployment rate and its changes, average growth rate of household income (as a substitution for market demand), growth rate of regional GDP per capita, density and growth of population, regional literacy rate, growth rate of banking facilities and security have significantly affected firms life duration. Consequently, the life duration of manufacturing industries can be assessed and predicted by internal and environmental factors and therefore the life duration is no random variable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Regional Differences
  • Life Duration of New Firms
  • Manufacturing Industries of Iran
  • Cox Hazard Function
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