نقش کیفیت نهادها در کارایی فنی کشورهای منتخب آسیا و خاورمیانه؛ رهیافت تحلیل مرزی تصادفی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد دانشکده اقتصاد دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد دانشکده اقتصاد دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

10.29252/ecoj.10.3.127

چکیده

امروزه پژوهش‌های بسیاری در خصوص نقش نهادها در جنبه­های مختلف عملکرد اقتصادی کشورها صورت گرفته است. این در حالی است که در چارچوب تحلیل نهادی به مسئله‌ی کارایی فنی کمتر توجه شده است. در این مقاله نقش کیفیت نهادها در کارایی فنی کشورهای منتخب آسیا و خاورمیانه در دوره زمانی 2017-1996 با استفاده از رهیافت تحلیل مرزی تصادفی  بررسی شده و تخمین‌های مرتبط با تابع تولید و معادله ناکارایی فنی به دست آمده است. بررسی کارایی فنی براساس نهادها بر اساس الگو باتسه و کوئلی (1995) و گرین (2005) و در قالب تابع کاب-داگلاس و با استفاده از شاخص‌های نهادی حکمرانی و سپس شاخص‌های نهادی CIRI  انجام شده است. نتایج تخمین در هر دو حالت، نشان دهنده این واقعیت است که سهم قابل توجهی از منشأ ناکارایی فنی  به سبب کیفیت ضعیف و نامطلوب نهادهای حاکم بر این کشورها بوده است. همچنین نتایج تخمین نشان می‌دهد که کشور ایران علی‌رغم وضعیت متعادل در نهاده­های تولید، اما به دلیل ضعف نهادی در میان کشورهای منتخب ناکاراترین کشور به لحاظ فنی است، که این یافته تجربی بیش از پیش بر ضرورت اصلاحات نهادی تأکید می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Institutional Quality in the Technical Efficiency of the Selected Countries of Asia and the Middle East: Stochastic Frontier Analysis Approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Teymour Mohammadi 1
  • Alireza Raanaei 2
  • Mahdi Darabi 3
1 Associate Professor of Economics, Faculty of Economics, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
2 Ph.D Candidate in Economics, School of Economics, Management & Social Sciences, University of Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran
3 Ph.D Candidate in Economics, Faculty of Economics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran,
چکیده [English]

There are many researches about the role of institutions in different aspects of economic performance. However, in the context of institutional analysis, the issue of technical efficiency has been neglected. This paper investigates the role of institutional quality in the technical efficiency of selected countries in Asia and the Middle East using the stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) approach over the period 1996-2017. By adopting the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), the estimates associated with the production function and the technical inefficiency equation have been obtained. The examination of technical efficiency based on institutions was carried out in accordance with the Battese and Coeli’s (1995) and Green’s (2005) model in the form of Cobb-Douglass function and using Institutional indicators of governance and then institutional indicators of CIRI. Estimates in both cases represent the fact that a significant part of the technical inefficiency was due to the weak and undesirable qualities of the governing institutions of these countries. Moreover, the estimated results show that in spite of the balanced situation in production inputs, due to institutional weakness among selected countries, Iran is the most inefficient country in terms of technical efficiency. This empirical finding further emphasizes the need for institutional reform.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Institutional Reform
  • Institutional Quality
  • Stochastic Frontier Analysis
  • Technical Efficiency

مراجع

- Acemoglu, D., & Robinson, J. (2010). The role of institutions in growth and development. Leadership and growth, 1(2), 135.
- Acemoglu, D., Johnson, S., & Robinson, J. A. (2005). Institutions as a fundamental cause of long-run growth. Handbook of economic growth, 1, 385-472.
- Adkins, L.C., Moomaw, R. L., & Savvides, A. (2002). Institutions, freedom, and technical efficiency. Southern economic journal, 69(1), 92-108
- Aigner, D., Knox Lovell, C. A., and Schmidt, P. (1977). Formulation and estimation of stochastic frontier production function models. Journal of Econometrics, 6(1), 21–37.
- Amsler, Christine & Schmidt, Peter (2015). Distinguishing Heterogeneity and Inefficiency   in a Panel Data Stochastic Frontier Model. Unpublished Manuscript, East lansing, MI: Michigan State University.
- Barro, R. J. (1991). Economic growth in a cross section of countries. The quarterly journal of economics, 106(2), 407-443.
- Barro, R. J. & Lee, J.-W. (2013). A New Data Set of Educational Attainment in theWorld, 1950-2010. Journal of Development Economics, 104:184–198.
- Battese, G. E. & Coelli, T. J. (1995). A Model for Technical Inefficiency Effects in a Stochastic Frontier Production Function for Panel Data. Empirical economics, 20(2), 325-332.
- Bevan, A., Estrin, S. & Meyer, K. (2004). Foreign Investment Location and Instititonal Development in Transition Economies. International Business Review, 13, 43-64.
- Borge, L., Parmer, E. & Torvik, P. (2015). Local natural resource curse? Journal of Public Economics, 131,101–114
- Christopoulos. D, McAdam. P (2015) Efficiency, Inefficiency and the MENA Frontier, Working Paper Series, No 1757, European Central Bank.
- Cingranelli, D. L., & Richards, D. L. (2010). The Cingranelli and Richards (CIRI) human rights data project. Human Rights Quarterly, 32(2), 401-424.
- Dawson, J. (1998). Institutions, Investment and Growth: New Cross-Country and Panel Data Evidence. Economic Enquiry, 36, 603-619.
- Debreu, G. (1951). The coefficient of resource utilization. Econometrica: Journal of the Economic Society, 19(3), 273-292
- Easterly, W. (2002). The Elusive Quest for Growth, Economists’ Adventures and misadventures in the tropics. MIT press
- Farell, M. J. (1957). The measurement of productive efficiency. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A (General), 120(30), 253-281
- Greene, W. H. (2005). Reconsidering Heterogeneity in Panel Data Estimators of the Stochastic Frontier Model. Journal of Econometrics, 126, 269-303.
- Greene, W. H. (2008a). Econometric Analysis. Prentice Hall. 7th Edition.
- Hayek, F. (1973). Law, legislation and liberty: a new statement of the liberal principles of justice and political economy. Volume 1: Rules and Order. Routledge.
- Hayek, F. (1979). Law, legislation and liberty: a new statement of the liberal principles of justice and political economy. Volume 3: the Political order of a free people. Routledge.
- Platteau, J. P. (2008). The Causes of Institutional Inefficiency: A Development Perspective, in  Brousseau, E & Glachant, J N (2008). New Institutional Economics; a GuideBook, Canbridge University Press, 443-462.
- Jean-Philippe Platteau, The Causes of Institutional Inefficiency: A Development Perspective, Lecture and Working Paper Series  o. 1, 2009, American University of Beirut Institute of Financial Economics
- Kaufmann, D., Kraay, A., & Mastruzzi, M. (2011). The worldwide governance indicators: methodology and analytical issues. Hague Journal on the Rule of Law, 3(2), 220-246.
- Kenny, C. & Williams, D. (2001) What Do We Know About Economic Growth? Or, why don’t we know very much? World development, 29(1), 1-22.
- Knack, S. & Keefer, P., 1995. Institutions and Economic Performance: Cross-Country Tests Using Alternative Institutional Measures. Economics and Politics, 7(3), 207-227.
- Koopmans, T. C. (1951). An analysis of production as an efficient combination of activities. in Koopmans, T. C. (Ed.): Activity Analysis of Production and Allocation, Proceeding of a Conference, 33-97, John Wiley and Sons Inc., London.
- Kulik, J. (2017). Technical Efficiency and the methods of its measurement. Econometrics, 3(57), 27-87.
- Kumbhakar, S. C, Wang, H. J., & Horncastle, A. P. (2015). A Practitioner’s Guide to Stochastic Frontier Analysis using Stata. Cambridge University Press.
- Kumbhakar, S. C., & Wang, D. (2007). Economic Reforms, Efficiency and Productivity in Chinese Banking. Journal of Regulatory Economics, 32(2), 105-129.
- Lucas Jr, Robert E. (1989). On the mechanics of economic development. Journal of monetary economics, 22(1), 3-42
- Mauro, P. (1995). Corruption and Growth. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 110(3), 681-712.
- McQuinn, K. (2013). The United States as a growth leader for the Euro Area – A multi-sectoral approach. Research Technical Papers 13/RT/09, Central Bank of Ireland.
- Meeusen, W. & van den Broeck, J. (1977). Efficiency estimation from Cobb-Douglas production functions with composed error. International Economic Review, 8:435–444. Misadventures in the Tropics. Cambridge, MA & London: The MIT Press.
- Nili, M (2015), which direction does the Iranian economy go. Donyae eghtesad (world of economy) Publication (In Persian).
- North, D. C. (1989). Institutions and economic growth: An historical introduction. World development, 17(9), 1319-1332.
- Page, J. M. (1980). Technical efficiency and economic performance: Some evidence from Ghana. Oxford economic papers, 32(2). 319-339.
- Parente,S.L. & Prescott, E.C. (2005). A unified theory of the evolution of international income levels. In Aghion, P., Durlauf, S.N. (Eds.), Handbook of Economic Growth, 1, 1371-1416. Elsevier..
- Rodrik, D. (2008). One economics, many recipes: globalization, institutions, and economic growth. Princeton University Press.
- Rodrik, D. (2000). Institutions for High-Quality Growth: What They Are and How to Acquire Them. Studies in Comparative International Development, 35(3), 3-31.
- Rostamzadeh, P; Samadi, A. H ; Yadegar, Z. (2018). Institutional Quality, Increasing Share of Private Banks and Banking System Stability in Iran. Economics and Modelling, 9 (1), 143-171.
- Sandholtz, W. & Koetzle, W. (2000). Accounting for Corruption: Economic Structure, Democracy and Trade. International Studies Quarterly, 44, 31-50.
- Schmidt, Pm. and Sickles, R. C. (1984). Production Frontiers and Panel Data. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 2(4):367–74.
- Stevens, P, & Dietsche, E. (2008). Resource Curse: An analysis of causes, experiences  and possible ways forward. Energy Policy, 36(1), 56-65.
- Sung, H. (2004). Democracy and Political Corruption: A Cross Country Comparison. Crime, Law & Social Change, 41, 179-194.
- Tabatabaei, S. J (2013). Thoughts on Iran, volume2: theory of rule of law in Iran; Foundations of Constitutional Theory. Minouye Kherad Publication (in Persian).
- Treisman, D., (2000). The causes of corruption: A cross-national study. Journal of Public Economics, 76, 399-457.

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار