نقش سیاست‌های ‌مالی برشکل‌گیری همگرایی اقتصاد ایران در شرایط تعهدی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری اقتصاد بین‌الملل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اصفهان(خوراسگان)، گروه اقتصاد، اصفهان، ایران

10.29252/ecoj.10.4.101

چکیده

لازمه شکل‌گیری فرآیند همگرایی هر کشور، ارتقاء فن‌آوری، جذب سرمایه‌های داخلی و خارجی، مشارکت در بازارهای خارجی و وجود زیرساخت‌های اقتصادی و اجتماعی است، از طرفی وجود شرایط تحریمی (تعهدی) حاکم بر اقتصاد ایران در طی سال‌های اخیر اهمیت نقش دولت و سیاست‌های مالی برشکل‌گیری را برجسته می‌نماید. در این مقاله، الگو‌های همگرایی غیر شرطی بتا، همگرایی شرطی بتا و همگرایی سیگما در فاصله سال‌های 1397-1350 از روش گشتاورهای تعمیم‌یافته تخمین زده شده است. نتایج حاکی از وجود همگرایی غیرشرطی و شرطی‌بتا و نیز همگرایی سیگما در اقتصاد ایران است. با توجه به تخمین همگرایی شرطی بتا بهترین سناریو که باعث رشد سرعت همگرایی اقتصادی در شرایط تعهدی می‌گردد، تامین مخارج دولتی از مالیات بردرآمد است. نتایج تحقق همگرایی سیگما مبین این امر است که تحریم‌ها که سبب ایجاد شرایط تعهدی می‌گردد، همانند یک شوک تصادفی در اقتصاد بی‌ثباتی و خروج از حالت تعادل را رقم زده‌اند و به لحاظ اینکه اقتصاد در ابتدا دارای همگرایی شرطی و غیر شرطی بتا بوده،  با اجرای سیاست‌های مالی  بهینه تأثیرات شوک مزبور در طول زمان بر طرف خواهد شد. از این‌رو، حرکت سیاست‌های اقتصادی و مالی کشور در مسیر ثبات اقتصادی و کاهش التهاب باید مورد توجه قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Fiscal Policies in Shaping Iran's Economic Convergence under Commitment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Emamimibodi 1
  • Majid Sameti 2
  • Hossien Sharifi Ranani 3
1 Ph.D. Candidate in International Economics, Department of Economics, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan Branch (Khorasgan), Isfahan, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economics, Isfahan University, Isfahan, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Economics, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan Branch (Khorasgan), Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The convergence process of each country requires the promotion of technology, the attraction of domestic and foreign capital, participation in foreign markets and the existence of economic and social infrastructures. On the other hand, the existence of sanctions (Commitment) imposed on the Iranian economy during recent years has given an important role to the government and the fiscal policies. In this paper, models of unconditional beta convergence, beta conditional convergence  and  sigma convergence during 1971-2018 are estimated by GMM method. The results detect the existence of unconditional and conditional beta convergence as well as sigma convergence in the Iranian economy. According to Beta conditional convergence estimates, the best-case scenario that speed up rapidity of economic convergence in commitment terms is the provision of government expendutures and tax revenues. The results of Sigma's convergence show that the sanctions that create commitment are like a random shock to the economy and instability and exit from equilibrium, given that the economy initially has conditional and unconditional beta convergence; by implementing optimal financial policies the effects of these shocks will be eliminated over time. Therefore, the economic and fiscal policies should be considered in the direction of economic stability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Financial Policy
  • Conditional Commitment
  • Beta Non-Conditional and Conditional Convergence
  • Sigma Convergence

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